The maximum amount of federal Pell grants for undergraduates, which do not have to be repaid, is $6,095 this academic year; undergraduates can borrow a maximum of from $5,500 to $12,500 per year in federal loans. Content of this website is owned and managed by D/o Higher Education, Ministry of Education. It will receive full or part of funding from the State Govt. Given the variable timing of distribution and usage, some college and universities realized institutional funds in different fiscal years. The State University Construction Fund is a New York State public-benefit corporation that addresses the construction and capital planning needs of the State University of New York and affiliated institutions. Research suggests that when a provider uses QIOs rigorously, patient care and outcomes can improve.[15]. State funding now covers slightly more than half of the CSU's operating costs, with tuition and fees making up for the remainder. While the academy, later known as Augusta State University and now merged into Augusta University, was founded as a high school, it taught college-level classes from its creation, and its graduates were accepted into four-year colleges as sophomores or juniors, effectively making it a combination of a modern high school and community college. "An Overview of State Higher Education Funding Approaches: Lessons and Recommendations.". 1. Few, if any, states set thresholds for the minimum amount of funding needed to achieve specific outcomes. It does not allocate plan funds to exclusive medical and agriculture universities. The General Fund provides the money that sustains the university's core instruction, departmental research, instructional support, related general administrative costs and facilities expenditures. According to the NSF, the state boasts three schools that placed in the top 10 R&D expenditures in 2017: the University of California, San Francisco; the University of California, San Diego; and Stanford University. The Performance Based Funding Model was approved at the January 2014 Board of Governors Meeting. Note: Student services includes institutional expenditures on advertising and marketing. Back at his North Carolina community college, Duffield said he watches many of his classmates work full-time to pay for their educations but still go into debt. The Truman State University Foundation administers a variety of funds and scholarships that support the needs of the University and its students. The amount of the subsidy varies from university to university and state to state, but the effect is to lower tuition costs below those of private universities for students from that state or district. With the costs of providing a college education rising, the reduction in state funding has created financial strains for many public colleges. But experts fear its also driven by rising tuition. What are the advantages to creating an endowment through a planned gift? [16] In this section, we review the approaches of three countriesAustralia, Finland, and South Africato the elements of equity and performance. Rather than withholding funds, however, district interventions must include an assessment of whether districts equitably allocated their resources and must reserve seven percent of federal Title I funds to turnaround low-performing schools. Finally, higher education can learn from PreK-12s approach to the relationship between funding and performance. [1] Yet, as the 2008 Great Recession demonstrated, states typically fail to prioritize higher education funding during economic downturns, partly because there are no clear standards at the state or national level for the level of spending deemed adequate to ensure agreed-upon outcomes. Ball State University Foundation How To Give to Ball State Creating Endowments Ball State University Foundation Alumni Center Muncie, IN 47304 8 a.m.-5 p.m. 765-285-8312 toll-free: 888-I-GO-4-BSU 765-285-7060 About 80% of public universities reported receiving additional state or local funds compared with about 57% of private universities. The rest didnt know. This was soon followed by the charter of The University of Vermont (UVM) in 1791. Much of the funds go towards the school's impressive research programs. Republic of the Philippines State Universities and Colleges Western Visayas College of Science and Technology SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES Burgos Street, La Paz, Iloilo City IE 502- FISCAL ADMINISTRATION MARK ANTHONY C. SORATOS EDGAR JAVISON Discussant Professor USE OF FUNDS AND BUDGET ALLOCATIONS IN STATE UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES 2. Published: Dec. 10, 2022, 8:02 a.m. . Adequacy definitions may vary across student demographics and institutional context, and the complexity of college activities (e.g., teaching, research, hospitals, etc.) The Australian university system is largely funded through Government research and teaching grants and student fees supported by a Government-backed loan scheme. scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in Examples include: This page was last edited on 18 November 2022, at 11:15. For instance, if the state pairs PBF with a formula or incremental approach, then the state has determined that some minimum level of funding is necessary, but has not necessarily defined that amount as adequate. The variation in expenditures across sectors reflects mission differentiation as well as the funding sources. Thank you. U.S. Funding University - statistics & facts In the United States, a year at college can cost more than a BMW. Jon Marcus, The Hechinger Report. So from an equity perspective, PBF can potentially worsen equity gaps rather than improve them. To orient the conversation, we first provide a national overview of state higher education revenues and a background understanding on states current funding approaches. A state university system normally means a single legal entity and administration, but may consist of several institutions, each with its own identity as a university. Looking more closely at public colleges, there are significant differences between two- and four-year institutions. If America is going to provide real meritocratic opportunity for intelligent and hard-working young people, it cannot merely focus on Ivy League universities or similar private institutions of higher education. . State funding is not the only source of revenue for most colleges and universities, and the extent to which institutions rely on state funding as a revenue source varies significantly. Moreover, states should consistently evaluate these premiums to ensure they are adequate to address inequities in postsecondary access. State universities get subsidies from their states. However, if the varying needs of different groups of students are not reevaluated over time, formulas can perpetuate inequities in funding. Ten years ago, students and their families paid for about a third of university operating costs, says SHEEO. Although the school became state-supported at that time, its campus remained privately owned until 1912. Many state universities were founded in the middle 19th century, in particular supported by the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts of 1862 and 1890. In this section, we discuss these three primary approaches and discuss how states funding strategies do or do not consider issues of adequacy, performance, and equity.[3]. Yet, the extent to which state financial aid programs allocate funds based on students need rather than other factors (such as academic performance) varies; furthermore, many states underfund their financial aid programs so that not all qualified students receive a grant.[6]. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/most-americans-dont-realize-state-funding-for-higher-ed-fell-by-billions, It is a big, important quality-of-life issue, and here all but 29 percent of people got it completely wrong.. During the growth and restructuring of the state systems, names such as University of California have changed their meanings over time. sustainable ways. This site is designed, developed, hosted and maintained by National Informatics Centre (NIC), Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India. States do not use financial aid programs to provide adequate funding for institutions or incentivize institutional efficiency. Following the Second World War, many state universities were merged with smaller institutions to achieve economies of scale in administration and also to raise the prestige of the degrees granted by some smaller institutions. Per-student funding in Alabama, Arizona, Illinois, Louisiana, New. In 1876, the Texas Constitution set aside land in West Texas to support The University of Texas and Texas A&M systems of higher education. Then, the Great Recession struck, and state revenues dried up. Falling behind the likes of South Korea, Canada and Russia in the proportion of people with degrees is not a trend we can tolerate if were going to continue to be competitive in a global knowledge economy, said Reilly. Many more states have adopted policies to incentivize improved performance, but thus far, these policies rarely have the intended effect, and can actually increase equity gaps in student access and success. But she also said she sees students clogging up the system who dont want to be there. Ward, James D., Elizabeth D. Pisacreta, Benjamin Weintraut, and Martin Kurzweil. So, instead of states using taxes to fund their public universities before the 1960's, federal tax dollars were used to guarantee student loans for public or private universities. and public funding (e.g., state appropriations). [14], Much like other sectors, the healthcare sector demonstrates that tying performance to funding may be counterproductive, as these types of performance incentives have yet to improve quality despite repeated efforts to demonstrate they do. Please check your inbox to confirm. Dealing with and preparing for the increasing costs of education are more. If a districts one percent property tax raises just $5,000 per student, the state would contribute the remaining $3,000. The trend has . In 1965, under the Johnson administration, the federal government began guaranteeing student loans provided by banks and non-profit lenders. These examples provide relevant evidence that higher education leaders should use capacity building rather than performance funding to improve college outcomes. While the schools on this list rely on massive endowments, the federal government comprised the majority of funding for R&D in all cases. Under a guaranteed tax base system, states guarantee a set amount of funding per percentage tax levied by the local district. 5 to the Available University Fund Appropriation "Reporting.. a. Additionally, some states have included equity premiums to limit unintended consequences and provide institutions with additional resources for serving historically underserved students. In Vermont and Hawaii, however, the state government contributes about nine times as much as local governments. States with the most progressive and targeted appropriations are often those states with the greatest levels of economic residential segregation and where court orders require them to correct significant disparities in funding across districts. As R. Bowen Loftin has pointed out, this requires considerable tact on the part of the systemwide leader: "How would the other campus leaders see themselves in such an arrangement? It may receive funds from Tuition, fee and Alumni. Ohio University (1804) was the first state school so established in the territory (and is also the oldest state university that has continuously operated as a public institution), with the other developing states similarly creating public universities to serve the citizens. Higher education can learn from the ways that PreK-12 funding considers issues of adequacy, equity, and performance. The experiences of other education-related sectorsboth foreign and domesticdemonstrate that allocating funding in ways that account for the elements of adequacy, equity, and performance (or, accountability) is possible. Our work also aims to broaden access to higher education by reducing costs and improving student outcomes. The sharp decline in state funding for higher education in recent years may have brought tuition increases and rising student debt, but it also has been accompanied by a reexamination of what the role of our publicly funded colleges and universities should be. Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. The release says colleges and universities in Mississippi have received nearly $575 million in American Rescue Plan funds - one of the largest one-time infusions of funding ever provided to the state's colleges and universities. Much like higher education, the sources of revenues in public PreK-12 education vary significantly across states. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, Supporting Mobile Students to Credential Completion through Holistic Credit Mobility, New Insights on Trustees and Staff in Art Museums. The federal government mainly provides financial assistance to individual students and specific research projects, while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions. When you think about what the priorities of government should be looking out for the well-being of its citizens, encouraging peoples best interests education is certainly among those, said Duffield, a Democrat who hopes to eventually work for the National Park Service. Its harder to hold lawmakers accountable if they dont feel that theyre going to pay for their decisions at the ballot box., READ MORE: 10 years later, goal of getting more Americans through college is way behind schedule. Under a foundation grants system, states determine how much revenue a district will be able to raisebased on a reasonable property tax rateand fill in any remaining gap between this revenue and the districts adequacy goal. NIH's use of multiple principal investigator awards makes calculations of the total funding received by individual departments impractical and there are multiple ways in which the funding data can be aggregated across universities . Ithaka S+R helps academic and cultural communities serve the public good and navigate economic, technological, and demographic change. I can look back and really appreciate that everything wasnt just given to me, White said. It is also important to consider how colleges spend their money. The nation is far behind its goal of increasing to 60 percent the proportion of the population with degrees. Sign up for our higher education newsletter. States should strategically marshal local, state, and federal higher education resources to ensure that the students and institutions with the greatest needs receive the most support. In the 2017-18 academic year, public four-year colleges received $48,000 per full-time equivalent (FTE) student in total revenue, compared to $17,000 per FTE at community colleges. UVM was chartered as a private institution and did not become a public university until 1865. These funds were provided through the Higher Education Emergency Relief Fund (HEERF) over the past year. State universities usually offer lower tuition costs to in-state residents. Supports: Firefox 2.0+ Google Chrome 6.0+ Internet Explorer 8.0+ Safari 4.0+, Last Updated by admin on Tuesday, 19 April 2016 - 12:09pm, Universities/University Level Institution, National Assessment & Accreditation Council (NAAC), Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA), Schemes Implemented Through Autonomous Organisations. [7] Healthcare revenues are more diverse than PreK-12 education, but about 45 percent of spending on healthcare is from federal, state, or local governments. Your first question, as above paraphrased, is simply whether a transfer of unobligated "C. E. P. & R. I. Many state universitiessuch as UCLA, Arizona State, and SUNY Geneseowere founded as normal schools. Columbia University received the second largest grant, $165 million, invested from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. One Liberty Plaza, 165 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10006 For example, a state might guarantee $8,000 of per-student funding per one percent tax. When first fully funded in fiscal year 1975, Pell Grants, the foundation grant program, provided more than 80 percent of the cost of attendance (tuition, room, board, books, and other expenses) at a typical public, four-year institution. Importantly, however, Finnish institutions cannot raise money through tuition and fees, thus making government funding critical for their continued operation and strengthening the imperative to meet performance goals.[19]. It has heavy science and medicine research and innovation schools. This act, passed in 2015, loosened many of the prescriptive accountability elements of its predecessor, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2002, but still requires that states set school performance goals (for both test scores and other student outcomes), designate annual milestones for schools to demonstrate progress towards those goals, and work with districts to design interventions for schools that are underperforming. Figure 10 Public Institutions Rely on Federal, State, and Other Major Funding Sources at Varying Levels Across States Composition of revenue per full-time equivalent student, by state, FY 2017 Note: Federal revenue in Pennsylvania and Delaware is understated because of those states' use of Financial Accounting Standards Board accounting standards. The extent to which PBF considers adequacy depends on the way the state employs the policy. They think, Well these institutions all are fat and happy. These measures can include patient satisfaction, frequency of preventative health screenings, and safety measures, among others. In addition to using a performance-funding model, Australia has separate equity funding to improve access for Indigenous, low-income, and disabled students who colleges and universities have historically underserved. Although development of State Universities is primarily the concern of State Governments, development grants, including grants under special schemes, are provided to all eligible state universities. Since January 1, 2018, you can also use your 529 plan savings to pay for tuition expenses at private, public or religious elementary or secondary schools, up to $10,000 . I cant take the $3 million for the new building someone gave me and use it for English and philosophy professors.. What are States Current Funding Approaches and How Do They Address Adequacy, Equity, and Performance? Special grants are being provided to other State Universities including Agricultural Universities having Engineering and Technology Departments. When small colleges close, their hometowns feel the pain, Some colleges are totally unaffordable, and this tool proves it, Billions in Pell Grants go to students who arent graduating, new data shows. Castleton University in Vermont is the oldest state university in New England, chartered in 1787. A state university system in the United States is a group of public universities supported by an individual state, territory or federal district. Clearly, a different strategy for state funding of higher education is needed. Castleton began as the Rutland County Grammar School. Much like higher education, the PreK-12 education and healthcare sectors have a public purpose and often have similar organizational and funding structures to higher education. As seen in Figure 4, public two-year colleges spend the largest share of their total expenditures on instruction at 41 percent. At four-year institutions, the three largest revenue sources are tuition and fees (20 percent), government appropriations (18 percent), and sales and services from hospitals (15 percent). Classes began at UNC in 1795, and UNC is the only state university to have graduated students in the 18th century. Prior to the onset of COVID-19, several states were exploring changes to make their PreK-12 funding formulas more equitable, but state revenue declines may put those plans on hold.[13]. These models provide localities with a high degree of power over their ultimate level of funding by allowing districts to set higher tax rates to generate revenues higher than their adequacy goal. Institutions may only receive partial funding if they fall short of meeting these goals. may require an adequacy threshold that is nuanced and variable. In addition, not everyone thinks that funding higher ed is governments responsibility. Finally, performance metrics are one factor that states can consider as they determine the equity and adequacy needs of institutions and work to improve underperforming institutions. These formulas must be tied to control mechanisms that ensure the funds are spent appropriately. 1) Tuition, fee is less at State Universities. Sign Up 4 Anonymous Upvoted by [9], Unlike in higher education, many states have set PreK-12 adequacy goals, which designate specific levels of district-level per-student funding in an effort to provide PreK-12 schools the resources they need to support students. This is true despite the fact that state budget cuts for higher education translate into higher tuition. Instead, higher educations performance-based funding policies withdraw money when colleges fail to meet performance standards, risking a vicious cycle that dooms those institutions to longer-term struggles. Much like incremental funding, formula funding does not contemplate the adequacy of the resources provided nor does it account for student or institutional performance. Declines in state funding of higher education will likely worsen due to the economic ramifications of COVID-19. 2 (2009): 119-129, https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzn059., Harry De Boer, Ben Jongbloed, Paul Benneworth, Leon Cremonini, Renze Kolster, Andrea Kottmann, Katharina Lemmens-Krug, and Hans Vossensteyn, Performance-Based Funding and Performance Agreements in Fourteen Higher Education Systems,Center for Higher Education Policy Studies(2015), https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/5139542/jongbloed+ea+performance-based-funding-and-performance-agreements-in-fourteen-higher-education-systems.pdf., Jamil Salmi, All Around the WorldHigher Education Equity Policies Across the Globe,Lumina Foundation (2018), https://worldaccesshe.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/All-around-the-world-Higher-education-equity-policies-across-the-globe-.pdf., Harry De Boer, Ben Jongbloed, Paul Benneworth, Leon Cremonini, Renze Kolster, Andrea Kottmann, Katharina Lemmens-Krug, and Hans Vossensteyn, Performance-based funding and Performance Agreements in Fourteen Higher Education Systems, Center for Higher Education Policy Studies(2015), https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/5139542/jongbloed+ea+performance-based-funding-and-performance-agreements-in-fourteen-higher-education-systems.pdf., Paul Wellings, Rufus Black, Greg Craven, Dawn Freshwater and Sandra Harding, Performance-Based Funding for the Commonwealth Grant Scheme, Australian Ministry of Education, 2019, https://docs.education.gov.au/system/files/doc/other/ed19-0134_-_he-_performance-based_funding_review_acc.pdf.. The Community College of Vermont had an annual price of about $7,500 this past year, compared to California, which charged full-time students about $1,420, according to the report, adding that about 60 percent of public college students are enrolled in California's two-year institutions compared to 21 percent in Vermont. The healthcare sector, however, does offer some examples of approaches that may improve performance without tying that performance to funding. Harvard University received the largest federal grant: $179 million from the National Institute of Health. For other state universities, see, Last edited on 18 November 2022, at 11:15, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, List of state universities in the United States, "Education System State University System Program in the USA", "Leading a Public Flagship within a State System", Berkeley.edu: The Future of Flagship Universities, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_university_system&oldid=1122591732. The two most common ways to receive funding from Student Government are through the For incremental funding, neither the initial level of appropriations nor the size of the annual percentage change is reliant on designated adequacy thresholdsthe level of funding needed to achieve specified outcomes. While the tuition costs for in-state students have remained somewhat flat, public colleges have responded to the declining state funds by admitting more affluent out-of-state students over. University funding is complex and often, little understood. States collectively cut spending to colleges and universities by 16 percent in real terms between 2008 and 2017, the CPBB says. <p>University of South Carolina has three scholarships specifically for out of state students. The FFS model is similar to higher educations formula funding approach, in which funding is allocated by the number of students enrolled as well as other factors. In order to inform innovative thinking on state higher education funding, this policy brief explores how public funding in other sectors and jurisdictions supports adequacy, equity, and performance. A university established or incorporated by a Provincial Act or by a State Act is called a State University. Construction bidding opportunities. There remains significant debate about which institution or institutions are the oldest public universities in the United States. In some cases, such as the healthcare sector, performance-based funding has had minimal effects. Performance metrics are important, but seem most effective when used collaboratively with providers or college leaders to improve internal processes and patient or student outcomes. Unlike PreK-12 approaches to accountability, PBF policies tend to harm institutions with the fewest resources. More and more of our people are going to have to be competent at higher and higher levels of knowledge and skills. In the section below, we discuss the potential lessons to learn from these sectors, with important caveats for policy effectiveness and sectoral differences. In each of these related sectors, existing funding approaches have had varying levels of success in fulfilling their purposes. We reviewed funding models from other sectors and countries to distill potential improvements on US states postsecondary funding and have three primary recommendations. 212.500.2355 While both hospitals and colleges have outside forms of quality assurance, including accreditation and licensure, critics of enrollment-based funding and FFS models suggest that, to incentivize improvement, governing bodies should tie quality assurance to funding. The first collegiate-level classes conducted by a public institution were at another Georgia institution, the Academy of Richmond County, chartered in 1783 with instruction beginning in 1785. While public colleges receive roughly 41 percent of total revenue from government sources, this figure is only 12 and two percent for private nonprofit and for-profit institutions, respectively. All Rights Reserved. It did not become a postsecondary institution until the campus became home to the State Normal School in 1867. US PreK-12 education includes all three elements and the healthcare sector reflects elements of accountability. The South Carolina State University Foundation is proud of our partner . The total amount of federal funds for Oklahoma colleges and universities is more than $110 million with $55 million designated for student grants. Under the provisions of the act, each state was granted 30,000 acres (12,140 hectares) of federal land for each member of Congress representing that state. Performance metrics are important, but seem most effective when used collaboratively with providers or college leaders to improve internal processes and patient or student outcomes. Second, the experience of PreK-12 funding illustrates that defining adequacy thresholds alone does not address inequities across institutions. Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. Theyre doing just fine, said Reilly. A state university that is designated as a preeminent state research university shall submit to the Board of Governors a 5-year benchmark plan with target rankings on key performance metrics for national . At the other end is Kansas, where there is no true state university system with a systemwide brand identity and a systemwide chief executive officer empowered to establish uniform policies across multiple campuses and to supervise the chief executive officer of each campus. What a difference a year makes. What Lessons about Adequacy, Equity, and Performance Can States Learn from Domestic and International Sectors? States should ensure that adequacy levels incorporate the unique needs of subgroups of students, including lower-income students, racial and ethnic minorities, and students with disabilities, to name a few. These schools include the United States service academies, Naval Postgraduate School, and military staff colleges. Typically, endowment funds . These scholarships have been awarded to deserving students for nearly 80 years. "State university" redirects here. These three approaches help states ensure that PreK-12 funding is adequate, but foundation grants and guaranteed tax base models, especially, do not explicitly account for inequities in resources across school districts. Examples include the California Community Colleges System, the Florida College System, and the Technical College System of Georgia. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce says this is keeping 40 percent of businesses from taking on more work. Savings. Not everybody is happy about that, but this is a conversation we need to have. If you decide to use a 529 savings program, the full value of your account can be used at any eligible college or university including some international institutions. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, while chartered four years after Georgia in 1789, was the first state university to hold classes. At a time when so many employers are struggling to find workers who have university degrees, Tyler Duffield thinks supporting higher education is as obvious an obligation of state government as it is essential. The relationship between PreK-12 funding and school accountability is complex, and while states determine the specific details of their school accountability approaches, the general framework is prescribed by the federal government through the Every Students Succeeds Act (ESSA). Finland determines funding levels based on an institutions performance relative to its performance agreement; the government also incorporates a standardized PBF model based on a broad range of metrics that include labor market outcomes, graduate education, research productivity, and spending across disciplines. California houses the most top research universities out of all 50 states. In other cases, such as higher education in other jurisdictions, performance-based funding systems are well designed and align policy goals with institutional capacity and missions. The grants will assist students who attend 244 colleges and universities and provides resources to help these institutions recover from the impacts of the pandemic. This includes funding provided to state and local health departments, universities, and other public and private agencies for a variety of public health programs. Community colleges, however, receive nearly half of their revenue from government appropriations, the majority of which come from state governments. A State or Public University is funded by US government is called as State University or Public University. If the public understood that relationship better [between falling state funding and rising tuition], they might be a little more up in arms and supporting perhaps more spending for higher education, said Andy Carlson, vice president of finance policy at SHEEO. Yet, healthcare funding models, much like enrollment-based funding models in higher education, often suffer from the misaligned incentives: they prioritize the quantity of care provided rather than the quality of that care. McNair Scholars, Cooper Scholarship, McKissick Scholarship.</p>. Some states have more than one state university system. Suzanne Mayer was appointed executive director of the $28.1 billion State Universities Retirement System, Champaign, effective immediately, a news release from the system said Wednesday. Moreover, performance metrics should reflect the disparate needs across subgroups of students. Much like in PreK-12, states should couple performance metrics that identify underperforming colleges with efforts to understand the challenges these institutions are facing. State universities get subsidies from their states. The governor announced Monday 33 colleges and universities across the state will received a total of $5 million in grants for security projects to enhance the safety of students and staff.. These programs are often separate line items from appropriations but serve as significant sources of revenue for state institutions and require significant investment of resources from the state. Starting on Monday, May 4 eligible students will be able to request up to $1,000 in Phase 2 CARES Act funds using the application found under their "My Financial Aid' section of their My.MissouriState.edu account. land-grant universities, American institutions of higher learning that were established under the first Morrill Act (1862). Rutgers University, which had previously been a private school affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church, was designated as a state university by acts of the legislature in 1945 and 1956. The revenues generated from the Capital Improvement Trust Fund fee shall be dedicated to the university's institute for online learning. In just one year, state funding decreased by about $2,000 per student. 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